ChemForward Alternatives

1-Octadecanol

CASRN#

112-92-5, 68911-61-5

INCI Name

STEARYL ALCOHOL

Alternate Names

Stearyl alcohol; Octadecanol; Octadecyl alcohol; N-Octadecanol

Common Trade Names

Polaax; Aldol 62; Aldol 68; Siponol S; Lorol 28; Lanette 18 DEO

Molecular Weight

2.7E+2 g/mol

Functional Uses

thickener, emulsifier, emollient, opacifier

Common Impurities

Is this a VOC?

Is this an exempt VOC?

Vapor Pressure

0.0000027 mm Hg

Octanol-water partition coefficient (log Kow)

7.4

Solubility at 34 C

0.0011 mg/l

Boiling Point

336 °C

Particle size range as aerodynamic diameter

- - - μm

Hazard Summary

C2C Chemical Rating

c/b

GHS Health

H320

GHS Enviro

None

Assessed by

U.S. EPA Low Priority Chemical report.

Assessment Date

Jul 10, 2020

Assessment Expires

Jul 9, 2025

Verification Status

verified

Executive Summary

1-Octadecanol is a long-chain, saturated fatty alcohol. It is a waxy solid that often takes the form of water-insoluble granules or flakes. Fatty alcohols are usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols derived from natural fats and oils. Saturated fatty alcohols have no carbon-carbon double bonds, and they have the same formula – CH3(CH2)nOH – with variations in “n.” Specifically, 1-octadecanol is a saturated aliphatic alcohol with an 18-carbon chain, known as octadecane, with a hydroxy group (-OH) at the terminal carbon and has the formula CH3(CH2)17OH. 1-octadecanol functions as a thickener, emulsifier, emollient, and opacifier. NOTE: The data provided in this assessment came primarily from the US EPA final designation report, Supporting Information for Low-Priority Substance 1-Octadecanol (Stearyl Alcohol) (https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2019-0117-0009). According to US EPA, “low-priority substance designations give the public notice of chemical substances for which the hazard and/or exposure potential is anticipated to be low or nonexistent and provides some insight into which chemical substances are likely not to need additional evaluation and risk management under TSCA.”

Hazard Tables

How to read the GHS Hazard Summary Table

	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Reproductive Toxicity	Developmental Toxicity	Acute Toxicity	STOT-Single	STOT-Repeated	STOT- Neurotoxicity-Single	STOT- Neurotoxicity-Repeated	Skin Sensitizer	Respiratory Sensitizer	Skin Corrosion/Irritation	Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation	Acute Aquatic Toxicity	Chronic Aquatic Toxicity	Ozone Depletion
Oral Dermal Inhalation	NC Rationale Available data is insufficient for GHS classification: 1-octadecanol's transformation profile, lack of structural alerts, non-carcinogenic predictions, and absence of genotoxicity in experimental studies provide sufficient information to indicate this chemical is unlikely to be carcinogenic. NC Rationale Available data is insufficient for GHS classification: 1-octadecanol's transformation profile, lack of structural alerts, non-carcinogenic predictions, and absence of genotoxicity in experimental studies provide sufficient information to indicate this chemical is unlikely to be carcinogenic. NC Rationale Available data is insufficient for GHS classification: 1-octadecanol's transformation profile, lack of structural alerts, non-carcinogenic predictions, and absence of genotoxicity in experimental studies provide sufficient information to indicate this chemical is unlikely to be carcinogenic.	NC Rationale Multiple studies provide sufficient evidence to indicate a low concern for genotoxicity.	NC Rationale No reproductive effects were observed in an OECD 422 study which provides sufficient evidence to indicate low concern for reproductive toxicity. CNP Rationale Data not available. CNP Rationale Data not available.	NC Rationale No developmental effects were observed in an OECD 422 study which provides sufficient evidence to indicate low concern for developmental toxicity. CNP Rationale Data not available. CNP Rationale Data not available.	NC Rationale Multiple studies provide sufficient evidence to indicate low concern for acute oral toxicity. NC Rationale Studies from analogs provide sufficient evidence to indicate a low concern for acute dermal toxicity. Lower confidence due to analogs. NC Rationale Studies from analogs provide sufficient information to indicate a low concern for acute inhalation toxicity since no adverse effects were seen at saturated air concentration.	CNP Rationale No data available. CNP Rationale No data available. CNP Rationale Data not available.	NC Rationale Multiple studies provide sufficient evidence to indicate low concern for repeat dose oral toxicity. CNP Rationale No data available. CNP Rationale No data available.	NC Rationale Based on the neurological evidence from the repeated dose studies, and supporting evidence indicating low concern for other endpoints, such as acute, reproductive, and developmental toxicity, provides sufficient information to indicate low concern for neurotoxicity. CNP Rationale Data not available. NC Rationale Data not available.	NC Rationale Based on the neurological evidence from the repeated dose studies, and supporting evidence indicating low concern for other endpoints, such as acute, reproductive, and developmental toxicity, provides sufficient information to indicate low concern for neurotoxicity. CNP Rationale Data not available. NC Rationale Data not available.	NC Rationale No structural alerts identified for skin sensitization. Lower confidence because a lack of structural alerts is insufficient for establishing a GHS classification.	NC Rationale No structural alerts identified for respiratory sensitization. Lower confidence because a lack of structural alerts is insufficient for establishing a GHS classification.	NC Rationale Multiple studies provide sufficient evidence to indicate a low concern for skin irritation.	Cat 2B Rationale An OECD Guideline 405 study provides sufficient evidence to indicate moderate concern for eye irritation.	NC Rationale Multiple studies provide sufficient evidence to indicate low concer for acute aquatic exposure based on no effects at saturation.	NC Rationale Modelling and studies on aquatic invertebrates provide sufficient evidence to indicate low concer for chronic aquatic exposure based on no effects at saturation.	NC Rationale Chemical is not on Montreal Protocol or IPCC List.

Other

Explosives: Not classified
Flammable Gases: Not classified
Aerosols: Not classified
Oxidizing Gases: Not classified
Flammable Liquids: Not classified
Flammable Solids: Not classified
Self-reactive substances and mixtures: Not classified
Pyrophoric Liquids: Not classified
Pyrophoric Solids: Not classified
Self-heating Substances and Mixtures: Not classified
Substances and Mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases: Not classified
Oxidizing Liquids: Not classified
Oxidizing Solids: Not classified
Organic Peroxides: Not classified
Corrosive to Metals: Not classified
Desensitized Explosives: Not classified

How to read the C2CC Hazard Summary Table

Human Health											Environmental							Other
	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Reproductive & Developmental Toxicity	Endocrine Activity / Disruption	Oral Toxicity	Dermal Toxicity	Inhalation Toxicity	Neurotoxicity	Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Corrosion/Irritation	Sensitization of Skin and Airways	Fish Toxicity	Daphnia Toxicity	Algae Toxicity	Terrestrial Toxicity	Persistence	Bioaccumulation	Climatic Relevance	Other (Human Health)	Organohalogens	Toxic Metals	Other (Environmental Health)
Oral Dermal Inhalation	- - -	G	G - -	- Rationale Data not available.	G	G	G	G - G	Y	G	G	G	G	-	G Rationale Multiple studies provide sufficient information to indicate low concern for persistence. Lower confidence due to analogs.	G Rationale Studies on analogs provide sufficient information to indicate low concern for bioaccumulationn	G	G Rationale No additional data available.	G	G	G Rationale No data available.

The Cradle to Cradle Material Health Assessment Methodology assigns hazard ratings to 24 individual human and environmental health endpoints. The system is largely based on GHS with the addition of endpoints including but not limited to Persistence, Bioaccumulation Potential and Endocrine Activity/Disruption. The possible C2C Chemical Ratings that can result from ChemForward’s simplified C2C chemical rating logic are:

C2C Chemical Rating	Color	Short Definition	Rules Summary
a	green	preferred in all applications	Chemical has no YELLOW or RED hazards or Cancer data gaps.
b	green	preferred in all applications	Chemical has no YELLOW hazards but lacks long-term cancer studies.
c/b	yellow/ green	acceptable in all applications	Chemical has one or more YELLOW risk flags before considering application. Applications where exposure is possible would result in a ‘c’ rating. Applications where exposure is unlikely or expected to be negligible would result in a ‘b’ rating.
grey/c	grey/ yellow	insufficient information available	Chemical has one or more GREY risk flags before considering application. Applications where exposure is possible would result in a ‘grey’ rating. Applications where exposure is unlikely or expected to be negligible would result in a ‘c’ rating.
x/c	red/ yellow	may be acceptable or problematic depending on application	Chemical has one or more RED risk flags before considering application. Applications where exposure is possible would result in a ‘x’ rating. Applications where exposure is unlikely or expected to be negligible would result in a ‘c’ rating.
N/A	red	problematic in all applications	Chemical is on a regulatory concern list, is climatically active, and/or is an organohalogen.
x-PBT	red	problematic in all applications	Chemical has a RED hazard for Persistence, Bioaccumulation, and another endpoint.
N/A	red	problematic in all applications	Chemical is a toxic metal, all of which have a RED hazard for Cancer, Mutagenicity, or Reproductive toxicity.
N/A	red	problematic in all applications	Chemical is on a regulatory concern list and has a RED hazard for Cancer, Mutagenicity, or Reproductive toxicity.
N/A	purple	banned in all applications	Chemical is on the C2C Certified banned list.

1-Octadecanol

Hazard Summary

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C2C Chemical Ratings

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Verification Status

How to read the GHS Hazard Summary Table

How to read the C2CC Hazard Summary Table